In this paper , the synthesis of 1, 4, 6, 9-tet razabicyclo [ 4, 4, 0] decane ( 1) fr om ethylenediamine, g lyox al is r eported, the y ield is 77. 5 % . Nit ratio n of the compound ( 1) w ith nit ric acid in acetic anhydride gave 1, 4, 6, 9-tet ranitro-1, 4, 6, 9-tet razabicyclo [ 4, 4, 0] decane ( 2) , the y ield is 82. 8 % . T he total y ield of the compo und ( 2) is as hig h as 64. 0 % , the melt ing point is 224～ 230 ℃. T he mechanism of co ndensat ion react ion for sy nthesising compound ( 1) and the factor s affect ing the co ndensat ion react ion are studied. As fo r the nit rat ion r eact ion of compound ( 1) , the af fect ing facto rs and the react ion mechanism are al so discussed.